Richard,
Micro-oxygenation is different than oxidation on the scope of what happens. The wood of the barrel allows oxygen to enter the wine in the same fashion that a cork does in a wine bottle. The comparative ratio of the surface area of wood compared to the volume of wine inside will determine oaking rates and the lower the rate, the more the time value of micro-oxygenation can take place.
As the water evaporates from the barrel, the wine solids are left behind. If a wine started at 8% wine solids and 92% water (simplified numbers, but close to accurate), concentration over time due to water evaporation may result in 10% wine solids and 90% water (again, numbers used as examples). The micro-oxygenation is about oxygen getting in and the concentration is about water getting out in the same manner. As the water evaporates, the liquid levels in the barrel drop. If the barrels are not topped up, the air exposure creates oxidation on a more grand level and the wine could become spoiled. The topping up keeps the air exposure minimized while the barrel effects still happen. So, micro-oxygenation is good and oxidation is not so good on a high level.
Pete,
No apologies are needed for questions, basic or otherwise. If you oak a red in a barrel and then put a white wine in there, it could turn pink. The wood is porous and that creates a residual effect. I haven't oaked any whites currently because my white production is limited and I've used selective oak beans instead.
You could oak during fermentation, although it can be a messier proposition in a barrel (foaming and lees and all that stuff). I personally oak after the wine has settled and is stabilized. I rack off of the remaining sediment into the barrel and then let it go. I top up at least weekly (if the humidity levels in the house are lower, this needs to happen a little more frequently) and taste test to see how the oaking levels are coming along.
For my process, I will either bottle the wine coming out of the barrel or put it back into a glass carboy. For my 5-gallon barrel, as I do not have any 5-gallon carboys, I generally go to blending or bottling. The 6-gallon barrel offers me more flexibility to this end.
I do rinse the barrels out between each use with quite hot water and then cold water. The cold water final rinsing helps the temperature of the barrel drop rapidly and jump over those magic temperatures where microorganisms flourish. Do I need to rinse between each filling - perhaps not. I do it because I like to start from a baseline with each of the wines in the barrel and spraying/shaking some water around inside doesn't deplete the barrel.
Goodfella,
I personally don't like spending money on oaking water.
I'd rather oak my wine. Since the K-meta levels will drop in a water solution that is exposed to air faster than a sealed container (the same reason why barrel-aged wine needs to be tested for SO2 levels more frequently than glass-aged wine), I wouldn't personally trust it. Others may use this method, although I wouldn't be comfortable with it.
- Jim